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	<title>Comments on: A Woman&#8217;s Place Is In The Computer.</title>
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		<title>By: Bill Cushing</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288360</link>
		<dc:creator>Bill Cushing</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 14:24:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288360</guid>
		<description>That&#039;s not a slide rule!

THIS is a slide rule:

http://www.hpmuseum.org/srcyl.htm

My team of comptometrists, using Burroughs accounting machines, were replaced by CDC 3600 mainframe applications around 1967-68.

You bring to mind the precursor of VisiCalc/Excel that we built at CBCS in 1970-71, and used to generate the entire Quarterly National Accounts Estimates publication. Using punch cards on Control Data 3500 mainframe.

Statistics Canada was running a similar user-driven system, CANSIM, in 1972 on IBM 370.

I still remember laughing, later on, when I found how much of that same stuff I could do with VisiCalc on my Trash-80.

Those were the days.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That&#8217;s not a slide rule!</p>
<p>THIS is a slide rule:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.hpmuseum.org/srcyl.htm">http://www.hpmuseum.org/srcyl.htm</a></p>
<p>My team of comptometrists, using Burroughs accounting machines, were replaced by CDC 3600 mainframe applications around 1967-68.</p>
<p>You bring to mind the precursor of VisiCalc/Excel that we built at CBCS in 1970-71, and used to generate the entire Quarterly National Accounts Estimates publication. Using punch cards on Control Data 3500 mainframe.</p>
<p>Statistics Canada was running a similar user-driven system, CANSIM, in 1972 on IBM 370.</p>
<p>I still remember laughing, later on, when I found how much of that same stuff I could do with VisiCalc on my Trash-80.</p>
<p>Those were the days.</p>
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		<title>By: Francis Xavier Holden</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288293</link>
		<dc:creator>Francis Xavier Holden</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 09:20:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288293</guid>
		<description>I notice the same guy who has the picture of the Osborne also has an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brianmicklethwait.com/index.php/weblog/comments/i_really_hope_that_the_samsung_sph_p9000_catches_on/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Amstrad portable&lt;/a&gt; - I still have mine AND it still works. The Amstrad was far ahead of its time having a built in modem.

Ms Fx was also at the cutting edge being a skilled &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.answers.com/topic/accounting-machine-1?cat=technology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Accounting Machine Operator&lt;/a&gt;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I notice the same guy who has the picture of the Osborne also has an <a href="http://www.brianmicklethwait.com/index.php/weblog/comments/i_really_hope_that_the_samsung_sph_p9000_catches_on/">Amstrad portable</a> &#8211; I still have mine AND it still works. The Amstrad was far ahead of its time having a built in modem.</p>
<p>Ms Fx was also at the cutting edge being a skilled <a href="http://www.answers.com/topic/accounting-machine-1?cat=technology">Accounting Machine Operator</a>.</p>
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		<title>By: Francis Xavier Holden</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288292</link>
		<dc:creator>Francis Xavier Holden</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 09:19:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288292</guid>
		<description>Nostalgia ain&#039;t what it used to be. For some reason I learnt to use a slide rule - can&#039;t imagine why. I used to punch holes in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pbase.com/listorama/image/64391199&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cardboard computer cards&lt;/a&gt; with a knitting needle.

I was excited by the possibility of the democratisation of computing heralded by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brianmicklethwait.com/images/uploads/Osborne1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Osborne luggable&lt;/a&gt; my boss sleazed out of some research grant or other. My ground breaking efforts in this field consisted of lugging it home one weekend and with the aid of an acoustic coupler connecting into the mainframe at the  Uni. I think I then played a text based game.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nostalgia ain&#8217;t what it used to be. For some reason I learnt to use a slide rule &#8211; can&#8217;t imagine why. I used to punch holes in <a href="http://www.pbase.com/listorama/image/64391199">cardboard computer cards</a> with a knitting needle.</p>
<p>I was excited by the possibility of the democratisation of computing heralded by the <a href="http://www.brianmicklethwait.com/images/uploads/Osborne1.jpg">Osborne luggable</a> my boss sleazed out of some research grant or other. My ground breaking efforts in this field consisted of lugging it home one weekend and with the aid of an acoustic coupler connecting into the mainframe at the  Uni. I think I then played a text based game.</p>
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		<title>By: Laura</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288247</link>
		<dc:creator>Laura</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 07:02:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288247</guid>
		<description>They&#039;re getting cramped.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>They&#8217;re getting cramped.</p>
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		<title>By: Helen</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288183</link>
		<dc:creator>Helen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 05:25:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288183</guid>
		<description>It&#039;s those ladies, FX, you&#039;ve done something to annoy them, or something.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s those ladies, FX, you&#8217;ve done something to annoy them, or something.</p>
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		<title>By: Francis Xavier Holden</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288106</link>
		<dc:creator>Francis Xavier Holden</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 03:10:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288106</guid>
		<description>jacques - whenever I try to post more than a para I get this message - clearly no one else does - I have it both from IE and Opera. Weird.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>jacques &#8211; whenever I try to post more than a para I get this message &#8211; clearly no one else does &#8211; I have it both from IE and Opera. Weird.</p>
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		<title>By: Francis Xavier Holden</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288104</link>
		<dc:creator>Francis Xavier Holden</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 03:08:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288104</guid>
		<description>Error!
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You tried to access the address http://clubtroppo.com.au/wp-comments-post.php, which is currently unavailable. Please make sure that the Web address (URL) is correctly spelled and punctuated, then try reloading the page.
Make sure your Internet connection is active and check whether other applications that rely on the same connection are working.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Error!<br />
Connection closed by remote server</p>
<p>You tried to access the address <a href="http://clubtroppo.com.au/wp-comments-post.php">http://clubtroppo.com.au/wp-comments-post.php</a>, which is currently unavailable. Please make sure that the Web address (URL) is correctly spelled and punctuated, then try reloading the page.<br />
Make sure your Internet connection is active and check whether other applications that rely on the same connection are working.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Francis Xavier Holden</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288100</link>
		<dc:creator>Francis Xavier Holden</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 02:52:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288100</guid>
		<description>test</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>test</p>
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		<title>By: MikeM</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-288075</link>
		<dc:creator>MikeM</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 01:12:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-288075</guid>
		<description>Prominent users of these manual &quot;computers&quot; were the TABs in Australia and New Zealand. (The first of these was established in New Zealand in 1950, long before there was any prospect of using electronic computers for collating, although as early as 1913 mechanical totalisators were being used for collation of on-course betting.) In the days of manual collation, each TAB branch or agency would collate its bets on a race when betting closed shortly before the start, then phone the collated figures in to a central location, where a room full of women with wide carriage adding machines (like the Friden in Jacques&#039; linked article) would perform the master collation for the race. This provided odds on each horse, and subsequently the dividend when the result was announced.

I was able to watch this process at the last manually collated Melbourne Cup at the South Australian TAB in, I think, November 1977. From memory that was the first day that more than 2 million bets were placed. The TAB had tried replacing the mechanical machines with electronic calculators, but the women found that they were too slow. They had mastered the art of touch typing while being able to chat to one another and very rarely made a mistake. (There were checking processes in place to pick up mistakes before they affected the dividend calculations.)

Migration from manual systems to online real-time began at the NSW TAB somewhere in the mid-1960s, where the software engineers (long before they were called that) constructed one of the first fault-tolerant computers in the world by bolting together two System/360 Model 44 machines and writing the necessary software.

A breakthrough in automation came in the mid 1970s when a joint effort by the Western Australian TAB and IBM Canada produced the first online mark sense card reading and printing terminals, transferring data entry responsibility to the TAB customers and eliminating scope for TAB agency staff errors in the process. 

The net effect of these developments was a stunning reduction in TAB staff numbers. This was documented in one of the papers prepared for the 1989 Myers Inquiry into Technological Change in Australia (unfortunately, unavailable online).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Prominent users of these manual &#8220;computers&#8221; were the TABs in Australia and New Zealand. (The first of these was established in New Zealand in 1950, long before there was any prospect of using electronic computers for collating, although as early as 1913 mechanical totalisators were being used for collation of on-course betting.) In the days of manual collation, each TAB branch or agency would collate its bets on a race when betting closed shortly before the start, then phone the collated figures in to a central location, where a room full of women with wide carriage adding machines (like the Friden in Jacques&#8217; linked article) would perform the master collation for the race. This provided odds on each horse, and subsequently the dividend when the result was announced.</p>
<p>I was able to watch this process at the last manually collated Melbourne Cup at the South Australian TAB in, I think, November 1977. From memory that was the first day that more than 2 million bets were placed. The TAB had tried replacing the mechanical machines with electronic calculators, but the women found that they were too slow. They had mastered the art of touch typing while being able to chat to one another and very rarely made a mistake. (There were checking processes in place to pick up mistakes before they affected the dividend calculations.)</p>
<p>Migration from manual systems to online real-time began at the NSW TAB somewhere in the mid-1960s, where the software engineers (long before they were called that) constructed one of the first fault-tolerant computers in the world by bolting together two System/360 Model 44 machines and writing the necessary software.</p>
<p>A breakthrough in automation came in the mid 1970s when a joint effort by the Western Australian TAB and IBM Canada produced the first online mark sense card reading and printing terminals, transferring data entry responsibility to the TAB customers and eliminating scope for TAB agency staff errors in the process. </p>
<p>The net effect of these developments was a stunning reduction in TAB staff numbers. This was documented in one of the papers prepared for the 1989 Myers Inquiry into Technological Change in Australia (unfortunately, unavailable online).</p>
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		<title>By: JM</title>
		<link>http://clubtroppo.com.au/2008/07/01/a-womans-place-is-in-the-computer/#comment-287885</link>
		<dc:creator>JM</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2008 10:31:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://clubtroppo.com.au/?p=5480#comment-287885</guid>
		<description>&quot;John, thats the dumbest idea Ive ever heard.

Well at least he has the distinction of being the first in the world to channel Bill Gates, and at a time when Bill must have been all of 6 years old.

Although it is a somewhat ambiguous distinction.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;John, thats the dumbest idea Ive ever heard.</p>
<p>Well at least he has the distinction of being the first in the world to channel Bill Gates, and at a time when Bill must have been all of 6 years old.</p>
<p>Although it is a somewhat ambiguous distinction.</p>
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